Murder of Reena Virk

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Reena Virk
Born(1983-03-10)March 10, 1983
Saanich, British Columbia, Canada
DiedNovember 14, 1997 (aged 14)
Saanich, British Columbia, Canada
Cause of deathHomicide by forcible drowning
NationalityCanadian
Parents
  • Manjit Virk (father)
  • Suman Virk (mother)


Reena Virk (Punjabi: ਰੀਨਾ ਵਿਰਕ; March 10, 1983 – November 14, 1997) was a 14-year-old Canadian girl who was beaten and killed by a group of teenagers in Saanich, British Columbia, Canada. Her status as a victim of bullying prior to her murder attracted substantial media scrutiny in Canada. Six teenagers were tried and convicted for their participation in her death. The Globe and Mail commented at the time that her case was "elevated into a national tragedy."[1] A pair of Canadian sociologists have described the case as a watershed moment for a "moral panic" over girl violence by the Canadian public in the late 1990s.[2][3][4]

Reena Virk[edit]

Virk's father was an immigrant from India, while her mother came from an Indo-Canadian family who had converted from Hinduism to the Jehovah's Witness religion after arriving in Canada. Her immediate family was "a minority within a minority," as they were Jehovah's Witnesses in the local South Asian community of 3,000 which was predominantly Sikh.[5][6][full citation needed][7]

Virk was described as desperate for acceptance amongst her peers but was taunted and ostracized by girls whose subculture was influenced by Los Angeles street gangs. She had begun to rebel due to such peer influence, smoking marijuana and cigarettes. Bullied for her weight and insecurity, she was said to feel restricted by the rules of her family's faith. In 1996, she falsely reported her father for sexual molestation in hopes of being moved to a foster home and having more freedom. As a result, she was moved from her family's home into the province's care for several months in 1996. She later dropped the charges and returned home.[1][6][full citation needed][7]

Murder[edit]

Reena Virk (Punjabi: ਰੀਨਾ ਵਿਰਕ), 14-years-old, was beaten and killed by a group of teenagers in Saanich, British Columbia, Canada, a murder that, for the prior bullying of its victim and the young accused, attracted substantial media scrutiny in Canada. Six teenagers were tried and convicted for their participation in her death; The Globe and Mail referred to the case as being case "elevated into a national tragedy."[1] Sociologists have described the case as a watershed moment for a "moral panic" over girl violence.[3]

Perpetrators[edit]

The six female perpetrators are referred to in court documents as N.C. (Nicole Cook), N.P. (Nicole Patterson), M.G.P. (Missy Grace Pleich), C.A.K. (Courtney Keith), G.O. (Gail Ooms), and K.M.E. (Kelly Marie Ellard). All admitted involvement.[6][full citation needed]

Warren Paul Glowatski[edit]

Warren Glowatski, born April 26, 1981, in Medicine Hat, Alberta, was 16 years old when Virk was murdered. He was convicted of Virk's murder and sentenced to life in prison.[citation needed] Glowatski and his parents moved around frequently; he lived in Estevan, Saskatchewan, Regina, Saskatchewan, and Castlegar, British Columbia.[citation needed]

In June 1999, Glowatski was convicted of second-degree murder and given a life sentence. Because he was 16 at the time of the murder, he was eligible for parole after serving seven years. In November 2004, he was denied his first chance at day parole.[8]

The Virks did not contest the parole, because Glowatski expressed remorse and responsibility for his part in the murder. In July 2006, he was granted unescorted temporary absences from jail. By December 2006, Glowatski was eligible to apply for day parole again, which he was granted in June 2007.[9]

During his incarceration, Glowatski discovered that he was Métis; this played a large role in parole hearings as he asked the parole board to incorporate his elders into the process and various healing circles and other forms of restorative justice were used, bringing Glowatski and Virk's parents together. In receiving day parole he proceeded to hug every member of the parole board and those present, including the Virks.[10]

Warren Glowatski was released on full parole in June 2010.[11]

Kelly Marie Ellard[edit]

Kelly Ellard (born August 9, 1982), was 15 years old when she drowned Virk.[citation needed] Ellard stood trial three times for the murder, and was convicted twice: initially in March 2000 for second-degree murder in Virk's death, a conviction that was overturned with new trial ordered in February 2003, followed by a second trial that ended in a mistrial (hung jury) in July 2004.[citation needed]

A third trial was ordered and Ellard was convicted again of second-degree murder in April 2005 and given an automatic life sentence with no parole eligibility for seven years; however, the BC Court of Appeals overturned the conviction based on an error by the original trial judge.[12] On June 12, 2009, the Supreme Court of Canada (Supreme Court) overturned the BC Court of Appeals in an 8–1 decision, ruling that Ellard's third trial had been fairly executed, that the error by the original trial judge was "harmless", and her conviction would stand.[13][14]

Ellard was granted conditional day parole in November 2017. In October 2018, when her day parole was extended, the documents from the Parole Board of Canada revealed that Ellard had changed her name to Kerry Marie Sim.[15] Her day parole was suspended in August 2021 for failing to report domestic violence with the suspension cancelled in late October 2021.[16]

In May 2022, the then 41-year-old Sim (Ellard) waived her right to a parole hearing, as she did not yet feel ready to return to society on a full time basis. By law, the Parole Board of Canada was still required to review her feasibility for full parole, and also deemed her unworthy of moving beyond day parole.[16]

Nicole Cook[edit]

Nicole Cook, born 1983, lived in a group home at the time. In the MSNBC documentary Bloodlust Under the Bridge, Cook spoke about how she took a lit cigarette and put it out on Reena Virk's face, initiating the mayhem that followed. Cook further explained how she repeatedly punched and kicked Virk as she was being pummelled by the other assailants. At the end of the interview, Cook then lambasted the accusation that she had anything to do with Virk's actual murder because Ellard was the participant charged for the murder. Veteran Dateline NBC reporter Keith Morrison then asked, "Would the murder have ever happened if you hadn't started the fight by burning her face with your cigarette?" and Cook replied, "I don't know. Maybe not. Maybe."[6]

Cook also returned to the crime scene the day after the killing, accompanied by Pleich, and retrieved Reena's shoes and sweater. They took these items back to their group home and forced another resident of the group home to hide Reena's clothing. The resident proceeded to inform staff at the group home, who then notified the police. [17]

Possible motives[edit]

A book about the case, Under the Bridge by Rebecca Godfrey, details some of the motives that may have led to Virk's death. The book also reveals that Virk was initially considered a runaway when her mother first reported her missing to the Saanich Police Department, the police agency in which the Virks resided. The book Under the Bridge incorrectly documented the Missing Persons report as being made to the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. Two Russian sisters, who lived in the youth group home, were prompted to contact the police upon hearing that Virk was most likely dead.[18]

Timeline[edit]

  • November 14, 1997 – Reena Virk is killed.
  • November 22, 1997 – Reena Virk's body is found.
  • February 9, 1998 – Three teenage girls plead guilty to assault causing bodily harm for their roles in the attack.
  • February 13, 1998 – Three more girls are convicted of assault causing bodily harm.
  • Between April and May 1998 – Six teenage girls are sentenced for their roles in the beating of Virk. Sentences range from 60-day conditional sentences to one year in jail.
  • June 1999 – Warren Glowatski, the only male involved in the crime, is convicted of second-degree murder and sentenced to life in prison with no chance of parole for seven years.
  • March 9, 2000 – Kelly Ellard is convicted of second-degree murder in adult court, where she is sentenced to life in prison with no chance of full parole for five years.
  • November 15, 2000 – 3 years and 1 day after the murder of Reena Virk, her parents Manjit and Suman Virk sue the teenagers who took part in the beating, the BC government, and several other parties.
  • February 4, 2003 – The BC Court of Appeal announces that due to improprieties in the way Ellard was questioned during her first trial, a new trial would be ordered.[19] It is impermissible for the Crown to ask the accused why witnesses would lie about the accused.[20]
  • June 14, 2004 – Ellard's second trial begins.
  • July 18, 2004 – A mistrial is declared in Ellard's second trial after the jury declares it is deadlocked 11 to 1.[21]
  • February 21, 2005 – Ellard's third trial begins.
  • April 12, 2005 – Ellard is found guilty of second degree murder. She is given an automatic life sentence with no parole for at least 7 years.[22][23]
  • July 20, 2006 – After serving just under nine years of a life sentence, Glowatski is granted unescorted temporary passes by the National Parole Board. The Virk family supports the decision.[10]
  • August 9, 2006 – Ellard appeals her conviction, asking for a fourth trial or an acquittal. The Crown has the option to appeal, hold a fourth trial or abandon prosecution.[24][25]
  • April 2009 – Ellard's appeal goes before the Supreme Court of Canada.
  • June 12, 2009 – The Supreme Court of Canada reinstates the second-degree murder conviction against Kelly Ellard, putting an end to a legal case that spanned more than a decade.[26]
  • June 23, 2010 – Glowatski is released on parole.
  • January 18, 2017 – Ellard is denied parole.[27]
  • November 30, 2017 – Ellard is granted day parole.
  • October 30, 2018 – Ellard's day parole is extended; the ruling notes that she had changed her name to Kerry Marie Sim.
  • August 22, 2019 – Ellard (Sim) is granted overnight leaves and extended day parole.[28]

In popular culture[edit]

The murder of Reena Virk inspired a monologue play, The Shape of a Girl (2001), by Joan MacLeod,[29] and The Beckoners by Carrie Mac.[citation needed]

The case was also the subject of a thesis published in a 2004 book, titled Girls' Violence; Myths and Realities.[30] Sheila Batacharya, the author of the thesis "Racism, 'Girl Violence' and the Murder of Reena Virk", discusses the case from a feminist perspective and examines why the argument from media and the police that the murder was not racially motivated may not have been entirely accurate. Batacharya also argues that the narrative of "girl violence", which academics, policymakers, and journalists have asserted is evidenced by Virk's murder, obscures other investigations and explanations surrounding this murder.[31]

The case was the subject of the 2005 book Under the Bridge: The True Story of the Murder of Reena Virk by Rebecca Godfrey.[18] In 2007, it was announced that Reese Witherspoon had acquired film rights for the book, with plans to adapt it into a movie with her production company, Type A Films.[32] In 2010, filming for the movie was said to begin in 2011, but the project stalled in development.[33] In 2022, filmmaker Quinn Sheppard was announced to be adapting the book into a TV miniseries.[34] The series premiered on Hulu on April 17, 2024. It starred Riley Keough as investigator and author Rebecca Godfrey and Lily Gladstone as officer Cam Bentland, and also featured noted actress Archie Panjabi as Suman Virk, Reena's mother. It was scheduled to run for eight episodes, from April 17 to May 29, 2024.[citation needed]

Reena's father, Mr. Manjit Virk, wrote a book about the murder of his daughter: Reena: A Father’s Story (2008),[35] which is highly critical of the B.C. Ministry of Children and Family Development and the B.C. justice system; Reena was murdered under the voluntary care of the Ministry, yet no apology was given or responsibility taken.[36]

In December 2010 and 2012, students from Walkerville High School in Windsor, Ontario, performed a play based on the death of Reena Virk for members of the community, as well as the Virk parents.[37]

Fictionalized account by Loreth Anne White, Under the Devil's Bridge. Beneath Devil's Bridge: A Novel https://a.co/d/89aQSfV

In 2015, Soraya Peerbaye published a series of poems dedicated to the murder of Reena Virk entitled Tell: poems for a girlhood. The book was shortlisted for the 2016 Griffin Poetry Prize.[38]

In 2024 Hulu released a limited series about Virk's murder, Under the Bridge. It is based on Godfrey's book.[2]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c "Reena Virk's short life and lonely death". The Globe and Mail. November 27, 1997.
  2. ^ a b Miller, Laura (April 17, 2024). "Under the Bridge Is a Rare True-Crime Dramatization That Transcends". Slate. The Slate Group, a Graham Holdings Company. Retrieved April 18, 2024.
  3. ^ a b Barron, Christie; Lacombe, Dany (February 1, 2005). "Moral panic and the Nasty Girl". The Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology. 42 (1): 51. ISSN 0008-4948.
  4. ^ Jiwani, Yasmin (September 1, 1999). "Erasing Violence: The Story of Reena Virk". Canadian Woman Studies. 19 (3). ISSN 0713-3235.
  5. ^ "Who was Reena Virk?". Saturday Night. Vol. 113, no. 3. April 1, 1998. p. 15.
  6. ^ a b c d Corvo, David (producer); Morrison, Keith (correspondent) (May 29, 2009). "Bloodlust Under the Bridge". Dateline NBC. Season 509. Episode 0529.[full citation needed]
  7. ^ a b Godfrey, Rebecca (June 25, 2019). Under the Bridge: The True Story of the Murder of Reena Virk. Gallery Books. ISBN 978-1982123185.
  8. ^ "Glowatski denied parole in Virk murder". CBC News. November 19, 2004. Archived from the original on May 10, 2007. Retrieved December 12, 2010.
  9. ^ "The murder of Reena Virk and trials of Kelly Ellard". CBC News. April 14, 2009. Archived from the original on April 17, 2009. Retrieved December 12, 2010.
  10. ^ a b "One of Virk's killers granted unescorted passes". CTV News. Victoria. July 19, 2006. Archived from the original on August 1, 2009. Retrieved December 12, 2010.
  11. ^ Theodore, Terry (June 23, 2010). "One of Reena Virk's killers granted full parole". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on May 4, 2016. Retrieved May 13, 2022.
  12. ^ "Court orders 4th trial for Ellard in murder of Victoria teen Reena Virk". CBC News. September 5, 2008. Archived from the original on March 30, 2009. Retrieved May 13, 2022.
  13. ^ "Supreme Court restores Ellard conviction in Virk case". The Globe and Mail. June 12, 2009. Archived from the original on June 13, 2009. Retrieved June 13, 2009.
  14. ^ "R. v. Ellard, 2009 SCC 27, [2009] 2 S.C.R. 19". Supreme Court of Canada. January 17, 2014.
  15. ^ "Kelly Ellard, changes name, has day parole extended". CTV News. Canadian Press. October 30, 2018. Retrieved May 13, 2022.
  16. ^ a b van Reeuwyk, Christine (May 12, 2022). "Kelly Ellard declines chance for full parole, says she's not ready". Victoria News.
  17. ^ "5 Insane Realities Inside The Foster Care System". Cracked.com. June 7, 2016. Retrieved June 6, 2018.
  18. ^ a b Goldberg, Nicola Maye (June 26, 2019). "Rebecca Godfrey on Small-Town Violence and the Evolution of True Crime". CrimeReads. Retrieved June 27, 2019.
  19. ^ "R. v. Ellard, 2003 BCCA 68". bccourts.ca. September 5, 2008.
  20. ^ "CRIMINAL PROCEDURE, BC Law Society, Chapter 5, p 70" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on October 30, 2008. Retrieved September 6, 2008.
  21. ^ "Judge declares mistrial in Kelly Ellard case". CBC News. July 19, 2004. Archived from the original on May 10, 2007. Retrieved December 30, 2006.
  22. ^ "R. v. Ellard, 2005 BCSC 1087". bccourts.ca. July 7, 2005.
  23. ^ "3rd trial finds Kelly Ellard guilty of murder". CBC News. April 13, 2005. Archived from the original on February 27, 2007. Retrieved June 13, 2009.
  24. ^ "Court orders 4th trial for Ellard in murder of Victoria teen Reena Virk". CBC News. September 5, 2008.
  25. ^ "R. v. Ellard, 2008 BCCA 341". bccourts.ca. September 5, 2008.
  26. ^ "Ellard conviction restored in Reena Virk murder case". CBC News. June 12, 2009. Archived from the original on June 15, 2009. Retrieved June 12, 2009.
  27. ^ "Kelly Ellard, B.C. woman convicted of killing 14-year-old girl in 1997, denied parole". National Post. January 18, 2017.
  28. ^ "Reena Virk's killer Kelly Ellard has day parole extended by six months". Vancouver Sun. August 22, 2019.
  29. ^ Nothof, Anne (September 21, 2021). "MacLeod, Joan". Canadian Theatre Encyclopedia. Retrieved April 20, 2024.
  30. ^ Alder, Christine; Worrell, Anne, eds. (2004). Girls Violence; Myths and Realities. Albany: State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0791461105.
  31. ^ Batacharya, Sheila (2000). Racism, "Girl Violence" and the Murder of Reena Virk (PDF) (Master of Arts thesis). University of Toronto.
  32. ^ "Witherspoon Goes Under the Bridge". ComingSoon.net. May 4, 2007. Archived from the original on May 6, 2007.
  33. ^ "Vancouver company joins Reese Witherspoon for film on Virk murder". Vancouver Sun. April 24, 2010. Archived from the original on April 24, 2010. Retrieved June 6, 2018.
  34. ^ Porter, Rick (September 27, 2022). "Hulu Nabs True-Crime Drama From 'Little Fires Everywhere,' 'Tell Me Lies' Producers". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved March 25, 2024.
  35. ^ Virk, Manjit (2008). Reena: A Father's Story. Heritage House Publishing Co. ISBN 978-1894974516.
  36. ^ "New book part of healing process: Virk's father". CBC News. September 7, 2008. Retrieved March 25, 2024.
  37. ^ "Windsor play strikes chord with parents of slain teen". Windsor Star. June 15, 2010. Archived from the original on June 15, 2010. Retrieved June 6, 2018.
  38. ^ "Tell: poems for a girlhood". CBC.ca. April 6, 2017. Retrieved January 30, 2023.

External links[edit]

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