Gonorynchiformes

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Gonorynchiformes
Temporal range: Berriasian–present
Milkfish, Chanos chanos
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Ostariophysi
Order: Gonorynchiformes
L. S. Berg, 1940
Type species
Gonorynchus gonorynchus
(Linnaeus, 1766)
Families

Chanidae (milkfish)
Gonorynchidae (beaked salmons)
Kneriidae (shellears)
Phractolaemidae (hingemouths)

The Gonorynchiformes /ɡɒnəˈrɪŋkɪfɔːrmz/ are an order of ray-finned fish that includes the important food source, the milkfish (Chanos chanos, family Chanidae), and a number of lesser-known types, both marine and freshwater.

The alternate spelling "Gonorhynchiformes", with an "h", is frequently seen but not official.

Gonorynchiformes have small mouths and no teeth. They are the sole group in the clade Anotophysi, a subgroup of the superorder Ostariophysi. They are characterized by a primitive Weberian apparatus formed by the first three vertebrae and one or more cephalic ribs within the head. This apparatus is believed to be a hearing organ, and is found in a more advanced and complex form in the related cypriniform fish, such as carp.[1] Also like the cypriniforms, the gonorynchiforms produce a substance from their skin when injured that dissolves into the water and acts an alarm signal to other fish.[2]

Taxonomy[edit]

Although many of the families are rather small, there are several fossil genera. This listing of the groups of Gonorynchiformes includes fossil fish with a short description.[1] They are listed in approximate order of how primitive their characteristics are.

Phylogeny of living Gonorynchiformes[3]
Gonorynchiformes
Gonorynchidae

Gonorynchus

Timeline of genera[edit]

QuaternaryNeogenePaleogeneCretaceousHolocenePleistocenePlioceneMioceneOligoceneEocenePaleoceneLate CretaceousEarly CretaceousNeohalecopsisChanos chanosNotogoneusCoelogasterHalecopsisCharitosomusSalminopsLusitanichthysRamallichthysJudeichthysCharitopsis (fish)CaeusTharrhiasDastilbeChanopsisRubiesichthysAethalionopsisQuaternaryNeogenePaleogeneCretaceousHolocenePleistocenePlioceneMioceneOligoceneEocenePaleoceneLate CretaceousEarly Cretaceous

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Nelson, Joseph, S. (2006). Fishes of the World. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN 0-471-25031-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ Banister, Keith F. (1998). Paxton, J.R.; Eschmeyer, W.N. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Fishes. San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 96–97. ISBN 0-12-547665-5.
  3. ^ Thomas J. Near, Alex Dornburga, Matt Friedman (2014): Phylogenetic relationships and timing of diversification in gonorynchiform fishes inferred using nuclear gene DNA sequences (Teleostei: Ostariophysi). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, DOI:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.07.013
  4. ^ Mikko Haaramo. "Gonorynchiformes". Mikko's Phylogeny Archive. Retrieved 2013-10-26.
  5. ^ Taverne, Louis; Putter, Thierry DE; Mees, Florias; Smith, Thierry (2019-01-01). "Cabindachanos dartevellei gen. and sp. nov., a new chanid fish (Ostariophysi, Gonorynchiformes) from the marine Paleocene of Cabinda (Central Africa)". Geologica Belgica. doi:10.20341/gb.2018.011. ISSN 1374-8505.
  6. ^ Diogo, Francisco José Poyato-Ariza, Terry Grande, Rui (2010), "Gonorynchiform Interrelationships: Historic Overview, Analysis, and Revised Systematics of the Group", Gonorynchiformes and Ostariophysan Relationships, CRC Press, doi:10.1201/b10194-7/gonorynchiform-interrelationships-historic-overview-analysis-revised-systematics-group-francisco-jos%C3%A9-poyato-ariza-terry-grande-rui-diogo, ISBN 978-0-429-06156-1, retrieved 2024-02-06{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. ^ Ribeiro, Alexandre C.; Bockmann, Flávio A.; Poyato-Ariza, Francisco J. (2022-07-01). "Francischanos, a replacement genus for Dastilbe moraesi Silva-Santos, 1955, from the Quiricó Formation, Lower Cretaceous of the Sanfranciscana basin, Brazil (Ostariophysi: Gonorynchiformes)". Cretaceous Research. 135: 105212. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2022.105212. ISSN 0195-6671.
  8. ^ Murray, Alison M.; Brinkman, Donald B.; Friedman, Matt; Krause, David W. (2023-10-17). "A large, freshwater chanid fish (Ostariophysi: Gonorynchiformes) from the Upper Cretaceous of Madagascar". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. doi:10.1080/02724634.2023.2255630. ISSN 0272-4634.