Power Mac G4

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Power Mac G4
"Graphite" Power Mac G4
The "Graphite" Power Mac G4
DeveloperApple Computer
Product familyPower Macintosh
TypeMini Tower
Release dateAugust 31, 1999
DiscontinuedJune 20, 2004
CPUsingle or dual PowerPC G4,
350 MHz – 1.42 GHz (Up to 2 GHz processors through 3rd-party upgrades.)
PredecessorPower Macintosh G3
SuccessorPower Mac G5
RelatedPowerBook

The Power Mac G4 is a series of personal computers designed, manufactured, and sold by Apple Computer from 1999 to 2004 as part of the Power Macintosh line. Built around the PowerPC G4 series of microprocessors, the Power Mac G4 was marketed by Apple as the first "personal supercomputers",[1] reaching speeds of 4 to 20 gigaFLOPS. This was the first existing Macintosh product to be officially shortened as "Mac", and is the last Mac able to boot into classic Mac OS.

The enclosure style introduced with the Power Macintosh G3 (Blue and White) was retained through the entire five-year production run of the Power Mac G4, albeit with significant changes to match Apple's evolving industrial design and to accommodate increasing cooling needs. The G4 and its enclosure were retired with the introduction of the Power Mac G5.

1st generation: Graphite[edit]

A "Graphite" Power Mac G4.
Rear view of a "Graphite" Power Mac G4, showing the available ports, including firewire, USB, and ethernet

The original Power Mac G4 was introduced at the Seybold conference in San Francisco on August 31, 1999.[2] There were two variants, officially titled Power Macintosh G4 (PCI Graphics), with 350 MHz and 400 MHz configurations available, and Power Mac G4 (AGP Graphics), with 350, 400, 450, and 500 MHz configurations. The PCI Graphics model was the last to use the full name of Power Macintosh. Colloquially, this first generation of Power Mac G4 is referred to as "Graphite". This is due to the color scheme of the case, which officially debuted with the Power Mac G4 (predating the graphite iMac DV Special Edition by 2 months).

Apple originally planned to ship the 500 MHz configuration in October 1999, but they were forced to postpone this because of poor yield of the CPUs. In response, Apple reduced the clock speed of the processor in each configuration by 50 MHz (making the options 350 MHz, 400 MHz and 450 MHz), which caused some controversy because they did not lower the original prices accordingly.[3]

The early 400 MHz (later 350 MHz) PCI-based version used a motherboard identical to the one used in Power Macintosh G3 (Blue and White) computers including the use of Zero Insertion Force (ZIF) processors sockets[4] (minus the ADB port), in a "graphite" colored case and with the new Motorola PowerPC 7400 (G4) CPU. The higher-speed models, code name "Sawtooth", used a greatly modified motherboard design with AGP 2x graphics (replacing the 66 MHz PCI slot).

The PCI variant was discontinued at the end of 1999.[5][6]

The machines featured DVD-ROM drives as standard. The 400 and 450 MHz versions had 100 MB Zip drives as standard equipment, and as an option on the 350 MHz Sawtooth. This series had a 100 MHz system bus and four PC100 SDRAM slots for up to 2 GB of RAM (1.5 GB under Mac OS 9). The AGP Power Macs were the first to include an AirPort slot and DVI video port. The computers could house a total of three hard drives, two 128 GB ATA hard drives and up to a single 20 GB SCSI hard drive, with the installation of a SCSI card.

The 500 MHz version was reintroduced on February 16, 2000, accompanied by 400 and 450 MHz models. DVD-RAM and Zip drives featured on these later 450 MHz and 500 MHz versions and were an option on the 400 MHz.

The Power Mac G4 (Gigabit Ethernet) model was introduced at Macworld Expo New York on July 19, 2000; the new revision included dual-processor 450 MHz and 500 MHz versions, and a low-end single CPU 400 MHz model. It was also the first personal computer to include gigabit Ethernet as standard. Most people saw this revision as a stopgap release, because higher clocked G4s were not available; the G4's Motorola XPC107 "Grackle" PCI/Memory controller prevented the G4 from hitting speeds higher than 500 MHz.[citation needed] The dual 500 MHz models featured DVD-RAM optical drives. Zip drives were optional on all models. These models also introduced Apple's proprietary Apple Display Connector video port.

Graphite model variations[edit]

According to Apple, all of these models are obsolete.[a][7]

Graphite variation Late 1999 PCI[5] Late 1999 AGP[8] Mid 2000 Gigabit
Codename "Yikes!" "Sawtooth, P5, Project E" "Mystic, Medusa2, SnakeBite"
Timeline Introduced August 31, 1999 October 13, 1999 August 31, 1999 October 13, 1999 December 2, 1999 July 19, 2000
Discontinued October 13, 1999 December 2, 1999 July 19, 2000 February 16, 2000 January 9, 2001
Model Model identifier PowerMac1,2 PowerMac3,1 PowerMac3,3
Model/EMC M5183 (EMC 1832) M5183 (EMC 1810/1843) M5183 (EMC 1843) M5183 (EMC 1810/1843) M5183 (EMC 1843) M5183 (EMC 1864)
Order number M7631 M7826 M7232 M7629 M7824 M7825 M7827 M7891 M7892 M7893
Color   Graphite
Performance Processor PowerPC G4 (7400) Dual PowerPC G4 (7400)
Clock speed 400 MHz 350 MHz 450 MHz 500 MHz 400 MHz 450 MHz 350 MHz 400 MHz 450 MHz 500 MHz
CPU cache 64 KB L1, 1 MB backside L2 Cache per CPU (1:2)
Front side bus 100 MHz
Memory Standard 64 MB PC100 SDRAM 128 or 256 MB PC100 SDRAM 256 MB PC100 SDRAM 64 or 128 MB PC100 SDRAM 256 MB PC100 SDRAM 64 MB PC100 SDRAM 64 MB PC100 SDRAM 128 MB PC100 SDRAM 256 MB PC100 SDRAM
Memory Expandable Up to 1 GB Up to 2 GB; only 1.5 GB is seen in Mac OS 9
Graphics card ATI Rage 128
16 MB of VRAM
66 MHz PCI Slot
ATI Rage 128 or ATI Rage 128 Pro
16 MB of VRAM
AGP 2x
ATI Rage 128 Pro
16 MB of VRAM
AGP 2x
ATI Rage 128 Pro
16 MB of VRAM
AGP 2x
Storage Hard drive 10 GB
5400 rpm
20 or 27 GB
7200 rpm
27 GB
7200 rpm
10 or 20 GB
7200 rpm
27 GB
7200 rpm
10 GB
7200 rpm
20 GB
5400 rpm
30 GB
7200 rpm
40 GB
7200 rpm
Ultra ATA/33 (Optional Ultra2 LVD SCSI) Ultra ATA/66 (Optional Ultra2 LVD SCSI)
Optical drive 32× CD-ROM 5× DVD-ROM 5× DVD-RAM 5× DVD-ROM 5× DVD-RAM 5× DVD-ROM
Connectivity Networking 10/100 BASE-T Ethernet
56k modem
10/100 BASE-T Ethernet
56k modem
Optional AirPort 802.11b
Gigabit Ethernet
56k V.90 modem
Optional AirPort 802.11b
Expansion Optional Zip drive
3x 64bit 33 MHz PCI slots
1× 66 MHz PCI slot (dedicated to video)
Optional Zip drive
3x 64-bit 33 MHz PCI slots
1× 2× AGP slot (dedicated to video)
Peripherals USB 1.1
FireWire 400
Built-in mono speaker
Audio input mini-jack
Audio output mini-jack
USB 1.1
FireWire 400
1× Internal FireWire 400
Built-in mono speaker
Audio input mini-jack
Audio output mini-jack
USB 1.1
FireWire 400
Built-in mono speaker
Audio input mini-jack
Audio output mini-jack
Maximum Operating System All: Mac OS X 10.4.11 "Tiger" and Mac OS 9.2.2
Unofficially can support 10.5 Leopard via 3rd party software
Weight 13 kg (28.7 pounds) 13.6 kg (30 pounds)

2nd generation: Digital Audio/Quicksilver[edit]

Power Mac G4 (Quicksilver)

A new line with a revamped motherboard but retaining the familiar "Graphite" case debuted on January 9, 2001, known officially as the Power Mac G4 (Digital Audio). Motorola had added a seventh pipeline stage in the new PowerPC G4 design to achieve faster clock frequencies. New features included a fourth PCI slot, a 133 MHz system bus, an improved 4X AGP slot, and a new "digital audio" Tripath Class T amplifier sound system. The models were offered in 466 MHz, 533 MHz, dual 533 MHz, 667 MHz and 733 MHz configurations, the latter two using a newer PowerPC 7450 processor. The number of RAM slots was reduced to three, accommodating up to 1.5 Gigabytes of PC133 SDRAM.

The 733 MHz model was the first Macintosh to include a built-in DVD-R or Apple-branded SuperDrive, the rest of the line became the first Macs to ship with CD-RW drives.

At Macworld Expo New York on July 18, 2001, a new line debuted featuring a cosmetically redesigned case known as Quicksilver, and various upgrades to the specifications. It was available in 733, 867 and dual 800 MHz configurations. The 733 MHz model was notable for not having a level three cache. The SuperDrive was offered on the mid-range 867 MHz model, and UltraATA/100 hard drives were offered on all models. The internal speaker received an upgrade, using a Harman/Kardon speaker.

The Quicksilver line received criticism in MacWorld's review for removing the "eject" button and the manual eject pinhole, as well as the pass-through monitor power plug, and for the base specification of 128 MB RAM as being insufficient for running Mac OS X.[9]

Updated Quicksilver machines, officially named Power Mac G4 (Quicksilver 2002), were introduced on January 28, 2002, with 800 MHz, 933 MHz and dual 1 GHz configurations. This was the first Mac to reach 1 GHz. Again, the low-end 800 MHz model did not include any level three cache. The graphics in Updated Quicksilver machines were provided by an Nvidia GeForce4 Ti/MX or ATI Radeon 7500 graphics card. Some of these models have ATA controllers with 48-bit LBA to accommodate hard drives larger than 128 GB.

Digital Audio/Quicksilver model variations[edit]

According to Apple, all of these models are obsolete.[a][7]

Early 2001 (Digital Audio) Mid 2001 (Quicksilver) Early 2002 (Quicksilver 2002) Mid 2002 (Quicksilver 2002 ED)[10]
Timeline Introduced January 9, 2001 July 18, 2001 January 28, 2002 August 13, 2002[10]
Discontinued July 18, 2001 March 8, 2001 July 18, 2001 January 28, 2002 August 13, 2002 January 2003[10]
Model Codename "Tangent, Clockwork" "Titan, Nichrome"
Order number M7627 M7688 M7945 M7681 M8359 M8360 M8361 M8705 M8666 M8667 [data missing]
Model identifier PowerMac3,4 PowerMac3,5
EMC 1862 1896
Performance Processor PowerPC G4 (7410) Single or Dual PowerPC G4 (7410) PowerPC G4 (7450) Dual PowerPC G4 (7450) PowerPC G4 (7451/7455) Dual PowerPC G4 (7455) PowerPC G4 (7455)
Clock speed 466 MHz 533 MHz 667 MHz 733 MHz 867 MHz 800 MHz 800 MHz 933 MHz 1.0 GHz 867 MHz
CPU cache 64 KB L1
256 KB (1:1) or 1 MB (1:2) L2
1 MB L3 (733 MHz)
64 KB L1
256 KB (1:1) L2
64 KB L1
256 KB (1:1) L2
2 MB L3
64 KB L1
256 KB (1:1) L2
64 KB L1
256 KB (1:1) L2
2 MB DDR L3
64 KB L1
256 KB (1:1) L2
Front side bus 133 MHz
Memory 128 MB PC133 SDRAM
Expandable to 1.5 GB
256 MB PC133 SDRAM
Expandable to 1.5 GB
128 MB PC133 SDRAM
Expandable to 1.5 GB
256 MB PC133 SDRAM
Expandable to 1.5 GB
256, or 512 MB PC133 SDRAM
Expandable to 1.5 GB
Graphics ATI Rage 128 Pro with 16 MB VRAM
ATI Radeon or Nvidia GeForce2 MX with 32 MB VRAM
Nvidia GeForce3 with 64 MB VRAM
Nvidia GeForce2 MX with 32 MB VRAM
Nvidia Geforce2 MX with TwinView or Geforce3 with 64 MB VRAM
ATI Radeon 7500 with 32 MB VRAM
Nvidia GeForce4 MX with 64 MB VRAM or GeForce4 Ti with 128 MB VRAM
Nvidia GeForce4 MX with 32 MB VRAM
Storage Hard drive 30 GB 5400-rpm, 40 or 60 GB 7200-rpm ATA
36 or 72 GB SCSI
Up to 128 GB
40 GB 5400-rpm, 60 or 80 GB 7200-rpm ATA
36 or 72 GB SCSI
Up to 128 GB
40, 60, or 80 GB 7200-rpm ATA
36 or 72 GB SCSI
Supports Hard Drives larger than 128 GB
40 GB 7200-rpm
Supports Hard Drives larger than 128 GB
Ultra ATA/66 (Optional Ultra SCSI or Ultra 160 SCSI)
Optical drive CD-RW or DVD-ROM or DVD-R/CD-RW SuperDrive (on 733 MHz model only) CD-RW or CD-RW/DVD-ROM Combo Drive or DVD-R/CD-RW SuperDrive (867 and dual-800 models only) CD-RW
Connectivity Networking Optional AirPort 802.11b
Gigabit Ethernet
56k V.90 modem
Expansion 1x Zip Drive bay (Optional 250 MB Zip Drive)
4x 64-bit 33 MHz PCI slots
1x 4x AGP slot (dedicated to video)
Peripherals 2x USB 1.1
2x Firewire 400
Built-in mono speaker
Audio output mini-jack
Apple Pro Speakers mini-jack
Maximum Operating System Mac OS X 10.4 "Tiger" and Mac OS 9.2.2 Mac OS X 10.4 "Tiger" and Mac OS 9.2.2 Mac OS X 10.5 "Leopard" Mac OS X 10.4 "Tiger" and Mac OS 9.2.2 Mac OS X 10.4 "Tiger" and Mac OS 9.2.2 Mac OS X 10.5.8 "Leopard" Mac OS X 10.5 "Leopard"
Dimensions and weight 43.2 cm  ×  22.6 cm  ×  46.7 cm
13.6 kg (30 lb)

3rd generation: Mirrored Drive Doors/FireWire 800[edit]

Power Mac G4 (Mirrored Drive Doors)
Power Mac G4 MDD with open case

Another generation of Apple Power Mac G4s, officially named "Mirrored Drive Doors" (MDD), was introduced on August 13, 2002, featuring both a new Xserve-derived DDR motherboard architecture and a new case design. All models were available in dual processor configurations running at 867 MHz, 1 GHz or 1.25 GHz. As with the Xserves, the PowerPC 7455 CPU used does not have a DDR frontside bus, meaning the CPU of the 133 MHz frontside bus models could use at most only 50% of the new system's theoretical memory bandwidth, providing no improvement over previous models. The rest was available to the graphics card and I/O systems. A single processor 1.25 GHz model would be the last Power Mac G4 the company offered to the public after the announcement of the new Power Mac G5, introduced in June 2003.

The last real update to the Power Mac G4 line came on January 28, 2003, offering dual 1.42 GHz PowerPC 7455 processors, with features not seen in previous DDR models: a built-in FireWire 800 connector, optional integrated Bluetooth, and optional integrated AirPort Extreme. These were also the first Power Macs that could not boot into Mac OS 9.

With the launch of the Power Mac G5 on June 23, 2003, Apple re-introduced the August 2002 Power Mac G4 because of perceived demand for Mac OS 9 machines. Between that, its low price-tag, and the delayed availability of Power Mac G5s, it proved a strong seller, albeit for a relatively short time. Production stopped on June 27, 2004, and the remaining inventory was liquidated, its discontinuation ending the 20-year legacy of Classic Mac OS support.

Mirrored Drive Doors/FireWire 800 model variations[edit]

According to Apple, all of these models are obsolete.[a][7]

Mid 2002 (Mirrored Drive Doors)[11][12] Early 2003 (FW 800)[13][14] Mid 2003
Timeline Introduced August 13, 2002 January 28, 2003 June 23, 2003
Discontinued January 28, 2003 June 23, 2003 June 9, 2004
Model Codename "P57" "P58" "P59"
Model identifier PowerMac3,6
Model/EMC number M8570 (EMC 1914) M8570 (EMC 1914C)
Order Number M8787 M8689 M8573 M8839 M8840 M8841 M9309 M9145 (a re-released version of M8573)
Performance Processor Dual PowerPC G4 (7455) PowerPC G4 (7455) Dual PowerPC G4 (7455) PowerPC G4 (7455) Dual PowerPC G4 (7455)
Clock speed 867 MHz 1 GHz 1.25 GHz 1 GHz 1.25 GHz 1.42 GHz 1.25 GHz 1.25 GHz
CPU cache 64 KB L1, 256 KB L2, 1 MB or 2 MB DDR L3
Front side bus 133 MHz 167 MHz 133 MHz 167 MHz
Memory 256 MB PC-2100 (266 MHz) DDR SDRAM 256 MB PC-2700 (333 MHz) DDR SDRAM 512 MB PC-2700 (333 MHz) DDR SDRAM 256 MB PC-2100 (266 MHz) DDR SDRAM 256 MB PC-2700 (333 MHz) DDR SDRAM 512 MB PC-2700 (333 MHz) DDR SDRAM 256 or 512 MB PC-2700 DDR SDRAM
Expandable to 2 GB (4 x 512 MB PC-3200 DDR SDRAM)
Graphics Card Nvidia GeForce4 MX with 32 MB VRAM, ATI Radeon 9000 Pro with 64 MB VRAM, or GeForce4 Ti with 128 MB VRAM Nvidia GeForce4 MX with 64 MB VRAM ATI Radeon 9000 Pro with 128 MB VRAM ATI Radeon 9000 Pro with 64 MB VRAM or Nvidia GeForce4 Ti 128 MB
Upgradeable to Nvidia GeForce 7800 GS with 256 MB VRAM (last GPU supported)
Storage Hard drive 60 GB 7200 rpm ATA/100
(Optional Ultra SCSI or Ultra 160 SCSI)
80 GB 7200 rpm ATA/100
(Optional Ultra SCSI or Ultra 160 SCSI)
120 GB 7200 rpm ATA/100
(Optional Ultra SCSI or Ultra 160 SCSI)
60 GB 7200 rpm ATA/100
(Optional Ultra SCSI or Ultra 160 SCSI)
80 GB 7200 rpm ATA/100
(Optional Ultra SCSI or Ultra 160 SCSI)
120 GB 7200 rpm ATA/100
(Optional Ultra SCSI or Ultra 160 SCSI)
80 or 160 GB 7200 rpm ATA
Ultra ATA/133 (2) and Ultra ATA/66 (2)
Optical drive CD-RW/DVD-ROM Combo Drive DVD-R/CD-RW SuperDrive CD-RW/DVD-ROM Combo Drive DVD-R/CD-RW SuperDrive CD-RW/DVD-ROM Combo Drive or DVD-R/CD-RW SuperDrive
(Optional additional Combo Drive)
Connectivity Networking Optional AirPort 802.11b
Gigabit Ethernet
56k V.92 modem
Optional AirPort Extreme 802.11b/g
Gigabit Ethernet
56k V.92 modem
Optional Bluetooth 1.1
Optional AirPort 802.11b
Gigabit Ethernet
56k V.92 modem
Peripherals 2x USB 1.1
2x FireWire 400
Built-in mono speaker
Audio input mini-jack
Audio output mini-jack
Apple Pro Speakers mini-jack
2x USB 1.1
2x FireWire 400
1x FireWire 800
Built-in mono speaker
Audio input mini-jack
Audio output mini-jack
Apple Pro Speakers mini-jack
2x USB 1.1
2x FireWire 400
Built-in mono speaker
Audio input mini-jack
Audio output mini-jack
Apple Pro Speakers mini-jack
Expansion Four 64-bit 66 MHz PCI slots (5V only)
One 4x 133 MHz AGP slot (dedicated to video)
Operating System Maximum Mac OS X 10.5.8 "Leopard"
Classic support Mac OS 9.2.2 supported natively and Mac OS 9.1 or higher in the Classic Environment Mac OS 9.1 or higher supported solely in the Classic Environment Mac OS 9.2.2 supported natively and Mac OS 9.1 or higher in the Classic Environment (final model to support Classic Mac OS natively)
Weight 19.1 kg (42 lbs)

Timeline[edit]

Timeline of Power Macintosh, Pro, and Studio models
Mac ProMac StudioMac ProMac StudioMac ProMac ProMac ProPower Mac G5Power Mac G5Power Mac G4Power Mac G5Power Mac G4Power Mac G4 CubePower Mac G4Power Macintosh G3#Blue and WhitePower Macintosh 9600Power Macintosh G3Power Macintosh 8600Power Macintosh 9500Power Macintosh 8500Power Macintosh 8100Power Macintosh G3Power Macintosh 7600Power Macintosh 7300Power Macintosh 4400Power Macintosh 7500Power Macintosh 7200Power Macintosh 7100Power Macintosh 6500Power Macintosh 6400Power Macintosh 6200Power Macintosh 6100Power Macintosh G3Twentieth Anniversary MacintoshPower Macintosh 5500Power Macintosh 5400Power Macintosh 5260Power Macintosh 5200 LC

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ a b c Apple products that were discontinued 7 years ago and no longer receive hardware support nor spare parts

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Apple Unveils 'Personal Supercomputer'". SFGate. September 1999.
  2. ^ "Apple steps up to G4 Macs". ZDNet.
  3. ^ "The 400 MHz PowerMac Reviewed". The Mac Observer. February 21, 2000. Retrieved October 19, 2008.
  4. ^ "The Apple Power Macintosh G4 400 MHz PCI". Forevermac.com. Retrieved November 30, 2011.
  5. ^ a b "Power Mac G4 (PCI Graphics) – Technical Specifications".
  6. ^ Read, David (April 2000). "Power Macintosh G4s". Macworld. p. 38.
  7. ^ a b c "Obtaining service for your Apple product after an expired warranty". support.apple.com. March 20, 2023. Retrieved March 23, 2023.
  8. ^ Technical specifications of Power Mac G4 (AGP Graphics) from Apple's knowledge base and from EveryMac.com. Retrieved March 9, 2023.
  9. ^ "Hands on with the Power Mac G4/867". MacWorld. August 25, 2001.
  10. ^ a b c Power Mac G4 (QuickSilver 2002ED) (in Korean), June 8, 2020, retrieved April 27, 2022
  11. ^ Power Mac G4 (Mirrored Drive Doors) - Technical Specifications
  12. ^ Apple Computer (2002). "Apple PowerMac G4 Brochure". Retrieved March 9, 2023.
  13. ^ Apple Computer (2003). "Apple PowerMac G4 Brochure". Retrieved March 9, 2023.
  14. ^ Power Mac G4 (FW800) - Technical Specifications